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Music Citation Guide: Audio / Video

Do I list everyone?

Audio and video recordings are the product of group efforts, and so when crafting a citation for a CD or YouTube video, it can be tricky to decide who makes the cut. Certain roles will be solitary (usually, there's only one director), but if you start to list every producer, your citation could be longer than the page on which you mention it. Therefore, select contributors who make this recording unique from other recordings when crafting your citation.

Same title, different productions

      

 

For example...

If you are citing a DVD recording of Annie, make sure that your reader can readily distinguish between the 1982 film from Columbia and the made-for-TV Disney version from 1999.

You may also need to distinguish between releases of a DVD recording. For example, the 1982 version of Annie has been released more than once, having been included in box sets and releases in a special 20th anniversary edition. 

You do not need to list every single actor, producer, and make. But you do need to provide enough information for your reader to locate the exact same copy of the recording you referenced in your paper.

Citation Templates and Examples

   Music recording (APA 7.07.52)

Performer, A. A. (year). Title of track. On Title of recording [recording format]. Location: Label.

Medeski, Martin, and Wood. (2008). Pirates don't take baths. On Let's Go Everywhere [CD]. New York: Little Monster Records.
 

  Video (APA 7.07.49)

Writer, A. A., & Director, A. A. (year). Title of episode. [Television series episode]. In A. Executive Producer (Executive Producer), Title of television program. Location: Network.

Bernstein, L. (narrator and conductor), Englander, R. (director), & Dubin, C. S. (director). (2004). Jazz in the concert hall. [DVD, disc 5]. In R. Englander (producer), Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic. West Long Branch, NJ: Kultur.
 

  Video: Television episode (APA 7.07.51)

Writer, A. A., & Director, A. A. (year). Title of episode. [Television series episode]. In A. Executive Producer (Executive Producer), Title of television program. Location: Network.

Bernstein, L. (narrator and conductor), Englander, R. (director), & Dubin, C. S. (director). (1963-1964). Jazz in the concert hall. [Television special episode]. In R. Englander (producer), Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic. New York: CBS Television Network.