Citation Examples By Format
Citation Help
The Discography example cites the entire album. The Notes example cites a track by a single composer that is part of the album, which is why the long list of composers is not included in the citation. Only the composer whose piece is cited is included in the citation of the Note. In the Discography, there is no Author listed because there are so many different contributors. Therefore, the citation begins with the Title of the album. Lastly, recordings should be listed in a Discography (list of audio recordings) separate from a publication's Bibliography (list of text resources, such as books and articles).
Discography -----
Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of disc. Pertinent information,
including performers, conductors, orchestras, recording location and date, etc..
Label and label number, Year of publication.
Contemporary Music from the University of Iowa. Music by William Hibbard,
Patrick Purswell, Peter Tod Lewis, Salvatore Martirano, Donald Martin Jenni,
and Dennis Riley. CRI CRL324, 1974.
Notes -----
1. Author First Name Author Last Name, "Title of track," pertinent information, including performers, conductors, orchestras, recording location and date, etc, track $ on Title of disc, Streaming service (if applicable) Label and label number, Year of publication.
1. Donald Martin Jenni, "Cucumber Music," William Hibbard (viola, toy piano), Betty Bang Mather (alto flute), James Avery (piano), and Williams Parsons (percussion), Spotify, track 7 on Contemporary Music from the University of Iowa, CRI, CRL324, 1974.
The Discography example cites the entire album. The Notes example cites a track by a single composer that is part of the album, which is why the long list of composers is not included in the citation. Only the composer whose piece is cited is included in the citation of the Note. In the Discography, there is no Author listed because there are so many different contributors. Therefore, the citation begins with the Title of the album. Lastly, recordings should be listed in a Discography (list of audio recordings) separate from a publication's Bibliography (list of text resources, such as books and articles).
Discography -----
Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of disc. Pertinent information,
including performers, conductors, orchestras, recording location and date, etc.
Label and label number, Publication date. compact disc.
Bizet, Georges. Carmen: highlights. With Jessye Norman (soprano), Mirella Freni (soprano),
Neil Shicoff (tenor), Simon Estes (bass-baritone). Conducted by Seiji Ozawa. Recorded
with Orchestre national de France, July 13-22, 1988, Grand Auditorium de Radio France.
Philips 422 366-2, 1989. compact disc.
Notes -----
1. Author First Name Author Last Name, Title of disc, pertinent information, including performers, conductors, orchestras,recording location and date, etc, Label and label number, Publication date. compact disc.
1. Georges Bizet, Carmen: highlights, with Jessye Norman (soprano), Mirella Freni (soprano), Neil Shicoff (tenor), Simon Estes (bass-baritone), conducted by Seiji Ozawa, recorded with Orchestre national de France, July 13-22, 1988, Grand Auditorium de Radio France, Philips 422 366-2, 1989, compact disc.
For more examples, visit the Chicago Manual of Style, available through the University of Iowa Libraries.
Bibliography -----
Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of disc. Pertinent information,
including performers, conductors, orchestras, recording location and date, etc.
Label and label number, Publication date. #rpm.
Hawkeye Marching Band. Gametime. Directed by Tom Davis. Fidelity Sound Recordings
FSRS-1277, 1970. 33 1/3 rpm.
Notes -----
1. Author First Name Author Last Name, Title of disc, pertinent information, including performers, conductors, orchestras, recording location and date, etc, Label and label number, Publication date. #rpm.
1. Hawkeye Marching Band, Gametime, directed by Tom Davis, Fidelity Sound Recordings FSRS-1277, 1970, 33 1/3 rpm.
Filmography -----
Director last name, Director First Name. Title of movie. Year film was released. Publisher location:
Publisher, Year this copy was released. Medium, Film length.
Robbins, Jerome and Robert Wise, directors. West Side Story. 1961. Beverly Hill, CA:
Twentieth Century Fox, 2011. Blu-ray, 153 min.
Notes, complete film -----
1. Director First Name Director Last Name, Title of movie, (Publisher location:
Publisher, Year Released), Medium, Film length.
1. Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins, directors, West Side Story, 1961 (Beverly Hills, CA: Twentieth Century Fox, 2011), Blu-ray, 153 min.
Notes, scene from film -----
1. "Title/Description of Scene," Title of movie, directed by Director First Name Director Last Name (Year Released, Publisher location:
Publisher, Year this copy was released), Medium.
1. "Officer Krupke," West Side Story, directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins (1961; Beverly Hills, CA: Twentieth Century Fox, 2011), Blu-ray.
Bibliography -----
Director First Name, Director Last Name, dir. Title of program. Season #,
episode #, "Title of episode." Aired date, on Network. Medium OR stable URL.
Publisher, Year, other pertinent container information.
Wellington, Peter, dir. Slings and Arrows. Season 2, episode 6, "Birnam Wood."
Aired August 1, 2005, on Movie Central/The Movie Network. DVD. Acorn
Media, 2008, disc 4.
Notes -----
1.Title of program, Season, episode, "Title of episode," directed by Director First Name Director Last Name, aired date, on Network, Medium (Production Company, Year), item information.
1. Slings and Arrows, season 2, episode 6, "Birnam Wood," directed by Peter Wellington, aired August 1, 2005, on Movie Central/The Movie Network, https://acorn.tv/slings/season2/birnam-wood/.