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Hardin Library for the Health Sciences

Free Clinical Research & Patient Wellness Resources: Formulating the Clinical Question

This guide lists FREE clinical, evidence based medicine and patient education resources for physicians, nurses, public librarians, general public and UI alumni.

PubMed & PubMed Central

Toxicology & Environmental Health

Using PICO to Formulate Clinical Questions

PICO is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a good clinical question. It stands for:

P--Patient
I--Intervention
C--Comparison
O--Outcome

Here are links to some PICO Resources:

Construct Well Built Clinical Questions
University of Washington

Formulating Answerable Clinical Questions
Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, University of Toronto