Differences Between Non-Scholarly and Scholarly Resources
Non-Scholarly (Popular) | Scholarly (Academic) | |
---|---|---|
Author | Journalist, layperson, or sometimes unknown | Expert (scholar, professor, etc.) in field being discussed |
Notes | Few or no references/footnotes available | Includes notes and/or bibliography |
Style | Written for the average reader | Written for experts, uses subject-specific jargon, shows research |
Editing | Reviewed by people at the publisher | Reviewed by editorial board of outside scholars (peer review) |
Audience | General public, people in stores/online | Scholars and researchers in the field |
Advertising | Many ads, often in color | Few or none; if there are any, they are for other scholarly materials |
Look | Eye-catching/interesting design, many pictures, color | Plain, utilitarian, black and white, tables and charts |
Contents | Current events, general interest | Specialized research topics only |
Sample Titles | The New Yorker, The Washington Post, National Geographic | Harvard Educational Review, Journal of Environmental Law |
Sample Article |
"The Needless Complexity of Academic Writing" - The Atlantic, "Iowa City to launch a year of temporary sculpture installations" - The Daily Iowan |
"Highly Efficient Reprogramming to Pluripotency and Directed Differentiation of Human Cells with Synthetic Modified mRNA" - Cell Stem Cell, "How Long is the Coast of Britain? Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension" - Science |
There are a few ways to find popular press articles.
Source: Compound Interest, "A Rough Guide to Spotting Bad Science" by Andy Brunning. The graphic is shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license. Original image at https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/02/a-rough-guide-to-spotting-bad-science/.
Scholarly writing is typically evidence-based, formal writing that addresses a specific research topic. It is written by experts in their fields for other people in the field and includes citations and references.
Well...um...not always. Not what you wanted to read, right? The University of Iowa Libraries strives to keep our resources credible but there are constantly attempts to present a questionable or predatory publisher or journal as credible.
So what is predatory publishing and why does it matter? You can find more information here, but essentially predatory publishers and journals exploit academic authors, either intentionally or through neglect and mismanagement. This is a harmful practice, enhanced by the need of academics to publish. It can negatively impact credibility of the work, the author, and those who cite it.
How will I know? If you want more information on publishers and journals, consider these resources:
Reading a scholarly article can be a little intimidating! They follow a unique format and can be quite lengthy. Use this guide to help get a quick understanding of the article before you invest your time in reading the entire piece.
Source: Undergraduate Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for use or adaptation of materials. Used with permission. Original image at https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=348324&p=2351069.