Skip to Main Content
Skip to content

COMM:1305 Understanding Communication - Social Scientific, Magsamen-Conrad, Fall 2023: Popular vs. Scholarly

Differences Between Scholarly and Non-Scholarly Resources

Differences Between Non-Scholarly and Scholarly Resources


Non-Scholarly (Popular) Scholarly (Academic)
Author Journalist, layperson, or sometimes unknown Expert (scholar, professor, etc.) in field being discussed
Notes Few or no references/footnotes available Includes notes and/or bibliography
Style Written for the average reader Written for experts, uses subject-specific jargon, shows research
Editing Reviewed by people at the publisher Reviewed by editorial board of outside scholars (peer review)
Audience General public, people in stores/online Scholars and researchers in the field
Advertising Many ads, often in color Few or none; if there are any, they are for other scholarly materials
Look Eye-catching/interesting design, many pictures, color Plain, utilitarian, black and white, tables and charts
Contents Current events, general interest Specialized research topics only
Sample Titles The New Yorker, The Washington Post, National Geographic Harvard Educational Review, Journal of Environmental Law
Sample Article

"The Needless Complexity of Academic Writing" - The Atlantic, "Iowa City to launch a year of temporary sculpture installations" - The Daily Iowan

"Highly Efficient Reprogramming to Pluripotency and Directed Differentiation of Human Cells with Synthetic Modified mRNA" - Cell Stem Cell, "How Long is the Coast of Britain? Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension" - Science

Finding Popular Press Articles

There are a few ways to find popular press articles.

  • The Perch - This collection of magazines, newspapers, and journals is available across from the New Books section on the first floor of Main Library. You can connect to many of the resources digitally via the guide
  • It's okay to try a search engine like Google. You will have to look at the URLs and verify that your results are from published media, but you may be able to find articles this way. URL addresses that include names like www.rd.com (Reader's Digest) or www.womenshealthmag.com (Women's Health Magazine) or www.time.com (TIME), for example, would be useful popular press sites. The bonus of looking online is that you may find links to other relevant articles and sources!
  • Browsing the magazines or newspapers in a check-out lane or the public library can provide some of these scientific-claim articles.
  • Don't overlook your social media either - does that TikTok video talk about the "proven" way to grow longer hair or make another fantastic claim? Track down their source as your popular media article.
  • Consult the references in a scholarly article - writers will often utilize both scholarly and popular articles when writing on a topic.
  • Search InfoHawk+ and our databases of popular press media, listed below. In InfoHawk+, Include your search terms, beginning with broad terms and then narrowing your results. For example, to research if coffee grounds are good for gardens, include "coffee grounds" AND "garden" as the two search terms. Use quotation marks around phrases or names. Limit your results to magazines, if that is an option. You can limit by publication years or locations, if necessary. InfoHawk+ is not necessarily the best option for finding dubious science claims, but these tips may be useful for trying to find the original studies! 

A Rough Guide to Spotting Bad Science

Infographic providing 12 indicators of bad science in reporting.

Source: Compound Interest, "A Rough Guide to Spotting Bad Science" by Andy Brunning. The graphic is shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license. Original image at https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/04/02/a-rough-guide-to-spotting-bad-science/

Finding Scholarly Articles

Scholarly writing is typically evidence-based, formal writing that addresses a specific research topic. It is written by experts in their fields for other people in the field and includes citations and references.

  • Search InfoHawk+. Our catalog does a good job of listing books and many articles based on your queries. It does not catalog every database, so searching the databases specifically may produce different results. Limit by Peer Reviewed Journals. You can also limit by date or other criteria to help your search.
  • Not all popular press is going to properly cite the research they used. If the popular press article provides any information on the research, include it in your InfoHawk+ or database search!
  • Search recommended databases (found on the next tab).
  • Already know which journal you want to search? You can find it via e-journals. Enter the title, then browse the resource. You can also find journals within databases and search there. Just narrow to the desired publication using the database's filters.

I Can Always Trust Journals in the Library, Right?

Well...um...not always. Not what you wanted to read, right? The University of Iowa Libraries strives to keep our resources credible but there are constantly attempts to present a questionable or predatory publisher or journal as credible.

So what is predatory publishing and why does it matter? You can find more information here, but essentially predatory publishers and journals exploit academic authors, either intentionally or through neglect and mismanagement. This is a harmful practice, enhanced by the need of academics to publish. It can negatively impact credibility of the work, the author, and those who cite it. 

How will I know? If you want more information on publishers and journals, consider these resources:

How to Read a Scholarly Article

Reading a scholarly article can be a little intimidating! They follow a unique format and can be quite lengthy. Use this guide to help get a quick understanding of the article before you invest your time in reading the entire piece.

Infographic on How to Read a Scholarly Article - Read abstract, conclusion, first paragraph, first sentence of each paragraph, then rest of article

Source: Undergraduate Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for use or adaptation of materials. Used with permission. Original image at https://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=348324&p=2351069.